Spirulina -The Single Cell Protien

                       SPIRULINA- स्पिरुलिना 

“SPIRULINA” describes a large and diverse group of simple, plant-like organisms found in salt water and some large fresh water lakes.

SPIRULINA are used as a source of dietary protein, B-vitamins, and iron. They are also used for weight loss, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), hay fever, diabetes, stress, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and other women’s health issues.

Some people use SPIRULINA for treating precancerous growths inside the mouth, boosting the immune system, improving memory, increasing energy and metabolism, lowering cholesterol, preventing heart disease, healing wounds, and improving digestion and bowel health. SPIRULINA are commonly found in tropical or subtropical waters that have high-salt content, but some types grow in large fresh water lakes. The natural colour of these algae can give bodies of water a dark-green appearance. The altitude, temperature, and sun exposure where the SPIRULINA are grown dramatically influence the types and mix of SPIRULINA in the water. Spirulina was a food source for the Aztecs and other Meso americans until the 16th century; the harvest from Lake Texcoco and subsequent sale as cakes were described by one of Cortés' soldiers. The Aztecs called it "techuitlatl". Spirulina was found in abundance at Lake Texcoco by French researchers in the 1960s, but there is no reference to its use by the Aztecs as a daily food source after the 16th century, probably due to the draining of the surrounding lakes for agricultural and urban development. The first large-scale Spirulina production plant, run by Sosa Texcoco, was established there in the early 1970s.Spirulina has also been traditionally harvested in Chad. It is dried into cakes called dihé, which are used to make broths for meals, and also sold in markets. The Spirulina is harvested from small lakes and ponds around Lake Chad.

Nutrient and vitamin content

Protein & Amino-Acid Content

Dried Spirulina contains about 60% (51–71%) protein. It is a complete protein containing all essential amino acids, though with reduced amounts of methionine, cysteine and lysine when compared to the proteins of meat, eggs and milk. It is, however, superior to typical plant protein, such as that from legumes. The U.S. National Library of Medicine stated that Spirulina was no better than milk or meat as a protein source, and was approximately 30 times more expensive per gram.

Vitamin B12

Spirulina is considered to be a reliable source of Vitamin B12. Spirulina supplements contain predominantly pseudo vitamin B12, which is biologically inactive in humans. Companies which grow and market Spirulina have claimed it to be a significant source of B12 on the basis of alternative, unpublished assays, although their claims are accepted by independent scientific organizations. The American Dietetic Association and Dieticians of Canada in their position paper on vegetarian diets state that Spirulina can be counted on as a reliable source of active vitamin B12. The medical literature similarly advises that Spirulina is suitable as a source of B12.

Other nutrients

Spirulina's lipid content is about 7% by weight and is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and also provides alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA). Spirulina contains vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (nicotinamide), B6(pyridoxine), B9 (folic acid), vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin A and vitamin E. It is also a source of potassium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese,phosphorus, selenium, sodium and zinc. Spirulina contains many pigments which may be beneficial and bioavailable, including beta-carotene, zeaxanthin, chlorophyll-a, xanthophyll, echinenone, myxoxanthophyll, canthaxanthin, diatoxanthin, 3'-hydroxyechinenone, beta-cryptoxanthin and oscillaxanthin, plus the phycobiliproteins c-phycocyanin andallophycocyanin.

POSSIBLE BENEFITS OF SPIRULINA

Precancerous mouth sores (oral leukoplakia). Early research findings show that taking 1 gram of Spirulina (Spirulina fusiformis) daily by mouth for 12 months reduces oral leukoplakia in people who chew tobacco.

 Spirulina is helpful for Diseases:-

   ·       Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

   ·       Premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

   ·       Diabetes.

   ·       Immune system.

   ·       Fatigue.

   ·       Anxiety.

   ·       Depression.

   ·       Memory.

   ·       Energy.

   ·       High cholesterol.

   ·       Heart disease.

   ·       Wound healing.

   ·       Digestion.

   ·       As a source of dietary protein, vitamin B12, and iron.

   ·       Spirulina can also be used by people dieting as it can complete the regular        intake of protein and vitamins (intake gets low during dieting).

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